The multi-rotor UAV takes off through the rotation of the propeller to generate lift, which is completed by the motor on the UAV. The motor drives the rotor to rotate to generate pressure difference, thus driving the UAV to fly.
Motor is one of the core components of UAV. The motor, also known as the motor, can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, driving the UAV to complete the takeoff, hovering, landing and moving actions. The power and efficiency of the motor directly affect the performance and flight time of the UAV.
The brushless DC motor is mainly composed of a magnetic pole rotor, a multistage winding stator and a Hall effect position sensor (not required). The working principle is based on electromagnetic induction and magnetic field interaction, and the stator consists of multiple coils, usually wound by insulated wires, and fixed to the housing of the motor. The rotor consists of permanent magnets, usually arranged in a specific form. The electronic speed controller (ESC) controls the current in the stator coil, generates a magnetic field, and starts the rotor to rotate. Its advantages include high efficiency, high power density, low noise and long life
The type of motor is generally based on size. For example, the brush 370 motor means that it does not include the length of the shaft is 37mm; The brushless external electronic 2208 motor refers to the diameter of its stator coil is 22mm, excluding the length of the shaft electronic coil is 8mm.
The most relevant indicators for UAV dynamic characteristics are speed, current and power.
The speed is generally expressed in KV, and KV refers to the speed per minute that can be achieved without load per volt (V). For example, using the KV1000 motor, 11.1V battery, the motor speed should be 1000× 11.1 =11100, that is, 11100 revolutions per minute. The higher the KV value, the higher the motor speed, but the torque provided will be reduced accordingly.
Current and power determine the output capacity and load capacity of the motor. The selection should be matched according to the weight and flight requirements of the UAV. Too much current (A) will cause the motor to overheat, and too little current will cause insufficient thrust to be provided. The greater the power (W), the greater the thrust of the motor.
Summary: The motor is suitable for low-altitude, low-speed, small UAV to provide power, with simple structure, light weight, easy to use, reduce the noise and infrared characteristics of the UAV, while providing the same specific power as the internal combustion engine, suitable for logistics, plant protection, monitoring and other fields.
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